Researchers have recently discovered out-of-plane polar domain structures in strained and twisted bilayers of inversion symmetry broken systems, which are referred to as merons. These meron-antimeron networks exhibit unique topological properties with winding numbers converging to QAB=-QBA=1/2 for specific grid sizes. The application of an external field triggers a meron–antimeron pair → (anti)skyrmion transition, leading to distinct topological phases. These findings suggest that polarization in moiré superlattices may serve as a new platform for topological physics, offering potential for observing and controlling topological phases in 2D materials.
Unveiling the Secrets of Synthetic Antiferromagnets: Merons and Their Topological Wonders
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