Older adults are more susceptible to heat-related illnesses due to various physiological factors. As people age, their ability to regulate body temperature decreases, making it harder for them to cope with extreme heat. Additionally, many older adults take medications that can exacerbate heat sensitivity. For instance, anticholinergics, used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, reduce the capacity to sweat, while beta blockers and diuretics can cause dehydration.
Aging Population and Regional Impacts
The aging population is a significant factor in the increased risk of heat-related illnesses. The U.S. population is projected to have 25% of adults aged 65 and older by 2060, with older adults disproportionately concentrated in certain regions, such as Florida, Maine, and West Virginia. These regions are also experiencing rising heat extremes, creating a dangerous combination for older adults.
The risks associated with extreme heat are not uniform across the country. Historically cooler regions, such as New England, the upper Midwest, and the Pacific Northwest, are projected to experience the steepest increases in heat exposure relative to temperatures historically experienced. Older adults in these regions may be less aware of the risks and less adapted to extreme heat, making them particularly vulnerable.