Diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease are both degenerative and progressive conditions that share common risk factors. The amyloid cascade, which plays a key role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, is also closely associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes.
The alteration of glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in the brain seems to induce early neuronal loss and the impairment of synaptic plasticity, years before the clinical manifestation of the disease. This highlights the crucial role of insulin resistance in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, particularly in the younger population. Addressing diabetes and its associated risk factors, particularly in the younger population, can help reduce the risk of early dementia. By managing insulin resistance and maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, individuals can take proactive steps to protect their brain health and reduce their risk of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease.